Cov kav dej cua sov tau muab faus rau hauv av, ua rau nws nyuaj rau kev tshuaj xyuas phau ntawv kom pom cov teeb meem tam sim ntawd, xws li rwb thaiv tsev ya raws, sib koom ua ke, lossis cov kav dej xau thaum ua haujlwm. Lub fiber ntau -optic qhov ntsuas kub ntsuas qhov system ua haujlwm los ntawm kev teeb tsa cov kav dej sib txuas nrog "lub paj hlwb" muaj peev xwm ntsuas kub tsis tu ncua. Lub hauv paus ntsiab lus tom qab faib cov fiber ntau -optic ntsuas kub yog qhov ncaj.
Tom qab lub sensing fiber yog nteg nyob rau hauv lub pipeline, ib tug tswv tsev xa laser pulses rau hauv nws, generating nruam backscattered teeb; qhov kev siv ntawm Raman tawg teeb liab cuam tshuam nrog qhov kub thiab txias ntawm qhov chaw fiber ntau. Los ntawm kev txheeb xyuas thiab demodulating cov kab tawg tawg no, cov ntaub ntawv kub rau txhua qhov chaw raws cov fiber ntau tuaj yeem tau txais.
Nyob rau hauv ib txwm ua hauj lwm tej yam kev mob, qhov kub thiab txias faib raws lub pipeline tseem ruaj khov; Txawm li cas los xij, yog tias muaj qhov xau tshwm sim, cov dej kub khiav los yog chav hloov pauv qhov kub thiab txias nyob ib ncig ntawm qhov chaw xau. Lub kaw lus pom qhov hloov pauv kub no, ua rau lub tswb tsis siv neeg, thiab txheeb xyuas qhov xau qhov chaw.
Lub fiber ntau -optic qhov ntsuas kub ntsuas qhov ntsuas feem ntau muaj peb yam: qhov ntsuas fiber ntau, qhov ntsuas kub -sensing master unit, thiab lub backend xyuas platform. Qhov ntsuas fiber ntau ua raws li lub sensor thiab muab tso rau tag nrho ntev ntawm cov kav dej cua sov; tus tswv tsev tswj xyuas kev sib kis ntawm laser nrog rau kev txais tos thiab kev tsom xam ntawm cov teeb liab tawg; thiab lub platform saib xyuas pom cov ntaub ntawv kub thiab teeb meem tsis siv neeg lub tswb thaum muaj xwm txheej tsis zoo. Hais txog kev ua tau zoo, cov kev qhia tshwj xeeb tseem ceeb tau teev tseg hauv pawg txheej txheem T/SSM 24-2025, *Cov Kev Qhia Txuj Ci dav dav rau Kev Tshaj Tawm Fiber-Optic Temperature Sensing Systems rau Thermal Pipelines*, suav nrog: qhov ntsuas kub ntau ntawm -20℃txog 130℃ntawm 1 km (nrog rau kev daws teeb meem ntawm 1 km, zoo dua 1 km) ntau), qhov tseeb ntawm qhov ntsuas kub ntawm ± 1 degree, qhov tseeb qhov tseeb ntawm ± 1 meter, thiab qhov ntsuas siab tshaj plaws ntawm yam tsawg kawg yog 10 km. Raws li cov fiber ntau optical nws tus kheej yog ib qho insulator tiv thaiv kev cuam tshuam electromagnetic, nws yog qhov zoo rau kev xa mus ntev.
Piv nrog rau cov kab hluav taws xob hauv hluav taws xob los tshawb pom, fiber ntau - qhov ntsuas kub ntawm qhov muag pom muaj qhov zoo xws li kev soj ntsuam ntev dua, qhov tseeb ntawm qhov chaw siab dua, thiab kev tiv thaiv zoo dua rau kev cuam tshuam. Cov tshuab hluav taws xob xav tau cov teeb liab cables yuav tsum tau muab tso rau ib sab ntawm cov kav dej thiab tso siab rau cov kev hloov pauv hauv kev tiv thaiv lossis impedance txhawm rau txheeb xyuas cov xau; yog li ntawd, lawv raug cuam tshuam los ntawm electromagnetic cuam tshuam thiab muab qhov tsis tshua muaj qhov chaw raug. Thaum muab faus rau ntawm lub raj xa dej, fiber ntau -optic ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub yuav tsum tau saib xyuas tsawg thiab khav theeb lub neej ntev. Hais txog cov qauv kev lag luam, tus qauv T/CDHA 11-2022, *Technical Specifications for Fiber-Optic Monitoring Systems for Directly Buried Heating Pipelines*, tawm los ntawm Tuam Tshoj District Heating Association hauv 2022, siv rau fiber ntau- kho qhov muag saib xyuas tshuab raws li qhov ntsuas kub ntawm buried{12} cov kav dej cua sov. Lub teb chaws tus qauv GB/T 47547-2026, *Technical Specifications for Fiber-Optic Monitoring Systems for the Safe Operation of Directly Buried Insulated Heating Pipelines*, tau tshaj tawm thaum lub Plaub Hlis 2026 thiab tau teem rau kev siv thaum lub Kaum Ib Hlis 2026.
Cov thev naus laus zis no twb tau siv rau hauv cov haujlwm ua haujlwm. "Qhov kev paub txog qhov xwm txheej" tau muab tso rau hauv Shiyan cheeb tsam cua sov network suav nrog peb yam khoom siv - siab- cov khoom siv kho qhov muag pom tseeb, cov fiber ntau faib - qhov kub thiab txias - ntsuas tus tswv tsev, thiab lub nraub qaum saib xyuas platform - txhawb kev ntsuas qhov ntsuas kub ntawm ± 1 degree. Lub ntse fiber ntau-optic leak detection system rau pipeline networks, sib koom ua ke tsim los ntawm Tangshan Xingbang Pipeline thiab Hefei Institutes of Physical Science ntawm Suav Academy ntawm Sciences, nta kub -sensing fiber nteg nyob rau hauv lub pipeline; nws muaj peev xwm txheeb xyuas qhov chaw xau thiab muab cov lus ceeb toom tiag tiag ntawm lub sijhawm. Thaum Lub Rau Hli 2025, Lub Koom Haum Thoob Ntiaj Teb rau Standardization (ISO) tau pib ua qhov project *Technical Requirements for Fiber-Optic Leak Monitoring Systems for Directly buried Heating Pipelines*, nrog Xingbang Pipeline ua tus thawj coj tsim qauv. Fiber-optic temperature-sensing systems transforms at heating networks from "invisible" to "pom." Rau cov phiaj xwm tshiab lossis kho cua sov, qhov no sawv cev rau qhov peev txheej tsim nyog xav txog.